Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science

Original article

Determining the correlation between outdoor heatstroke incidence and climate elements in Daegu metropolitan city: Jung Ho Kim, Hyun Wook Ryoo, Sungbae Moon, Tae Chang Jang, Sang Chan Jin, You Ho Mun, Byung Soo Do, Sam Beom Lee, Jong-yeon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2019;36(3):241-248. Published online July 2, 2019; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2019.00248

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Background
Heatstroke is one of the most serious heat-related illnesses. However, establishing public policies to prevent heatstroke remains a challenge. This study aimed to investigate the most relevant climate elements and their warning criteria to prevent outdoor heatstroke (OHS).
Methods
We investigated heatstroke patients from five major hospitals in Daegu metropolitan city, Korea, from June 1 to August 31, 2011 to 2016. We also collected the corresponding regional climate data from Korea Meteorological Administration. We analyzed the relationship between the climate elements and OHS occurrence by logistic regression.
Results
Of 70 patients who had heatstroke, 45 (64.3%) experienced it while outdoors. Considering all climate elements, only mean heat index (MHI) was related with OHS occurrence (p=0.019). Therefore, the higher the MHI, the higher the risk for OHS (adjusted odds ratio, 1.824; 95% confidence interval, 1.102–3.017). The most suitable cutoff point for MHI by Youden’s index was 30.0°C (sensitivity, 77.4%; specificity, 73.7%).
Conclusion
Among the climate elements, MHI was significantly associated with OHS occurrence. The optimal MHI cutoff point for OHS prevention was 30.0°C.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Ambient heat exposure and kidney function in patients with chronic kidney disease: a post-hoc analysis of the DAPA-CKD trial
Zhiyan Zhang, Hiddo J L Heerspink, Glenn M Chertow, Ricardo Correa-Rotter, Antonio Gasparrini, Niels Jongs, Anna Maria Langkilde, John J V McMurray, Malcolm N Mistry, Peter Rossing, Robert D Toto, Priya Vart, Dorothea Nitsch, David C Wheeler, Ben Caplin
The Lancet Planetary Health.2024; 8(4): e225. CrossRef

Original Articles

The effect of thalidomide on visceral fat pad mass and triglyceride concentration of the skeletal muscles in rats: Ki-Hoon Kim, Chang-Bon Choi, Jong-Yeon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2018;35(2):213-218. Published online December 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2018.35.2.213

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Abstract PDF

Background
Body fats, especially both of abdominal fat pad mass and skeletal muscle fat content, are inversely related to insulin action. Therefore, methods for decreasing visceral fat mass and muscle triglyceride content may be helpful for the prevention of insulin resistance.
Methods
Thalidomide, used for its anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory properties, was administered to rats for 4 weeks. A 10% solution of thalidomide in dimethyl sulfoxide was injected daily into the peritoneal cavity as much as 100 mg/kg of body weight.
Results
The total visceral fat pad mass in the thalidomide-treated group was 11% lower than in the control group. The size of adipocytes of the epididymal fat pad mass in the thalidomide-treated group was smaller than in the control group. The intraperitoneal thalidomide treatment increased triglyceride concentrations by 16% in the red muscle, but not in the white muscle.
Conclusion
The results suggested that intraperitoneal thalidomide treatment inhibited abdominal fat accumulation, and that the free fatty acids in the blood were preferentially accumulated in the red muscle rather than in the white muscle.

Citations

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Thalidomide suppresses migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cells by inhibiting HOXB7‐mediated activation of the Wnt/β‐catenin signaling pathway
Liyang Liu, Wusong Xue
Chemical Biology & Drug Design.2024;[Epub] CrossRef

Effect of Saturated and Unsaturated Fatty Acid on Ob Gene and Fatty Acid Synthase Gene Expression in 3T3-L1 Adipocyte: Jeong-Kyu Chi, So-Young Park, Jong-Yeon Kim, Hee-Sun Kim, Yong-Woon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S493-504. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S493

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Abstract PDF: Purpose：The ob gene, specifically expressed in adipocyte, encodes leptin, a hormone that induces satiety and increases energy expenditure. In this study, effects of saturated fatty acid and polyunsaturated fatty acid on ob gene expression were investigated by quantitative competitive RT-PCR in a mouse cell line (3T3-L1) which can be induced to differentiate into adipocytes. In addition to ob gene, expression of the fatty acid synthase gene as a marker of lipogenesis was measured simultaneously. Materials and Methods：The 3T3-L1 fibroblast cell were cultured in the Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium with 10% fetal bovine serum. The differentiation of 3T3-L1 fibroblast to adipocyte was induced by the treatment of 250 nM dexamethasone and 0.5mM 1-methyl-3 -isobutylxanthine. At 10∼14 days after induction, 3T3-L1 cells were fully differentiated and had had lipid droplets in the cytoplasm. At that time, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were cultured for 12 hours in the fatty acids contained medium and were harvested for RNA extraction. Palmitate as a saturated fatty acid and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) as a polyunsaturated fatty acid were used in this experiment and treated concentration was 600 μMol.
Results
：After conversion to adipocytes, glycerol-3 phosphate dehydrogenase activity was increased and leptin mRNA was expressed. Ob gene expressions of differentiated adipocytes were suppressed by palmitate treatment, however, there was no significant change in DHA treated adipocyte. Fatty acid synthase gene expressions, on the other hand, were suppressed by DHA treatment and not changed by palmitate treatment.
Conclusion
：These results suggested that polyunsaturated fatty acid inhibited lipogenic process and saturated fatty acid inhibited lipolytic process at cultured adipose cell level.

Effect of Paraxanthine on Body Fat Reduction and Insulin Sensitivity in Monosodiun Glutamate-Obese Rats: Jae-Kyung Song, So-Young Park, Jong-Yeon Kim, Hee-Sun Kim, Yong-Woon Kim; Yeungnam Univ J Med. 2007;24(2 Suppl):S481-492. Published online December 31, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2007.24.2S.S481

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Abstract PDF

Purpose：To evaluate the effects of body fat reduction on insulin sensitivity, it was measured the glucose disappearance rate, glucose infusion rate, and hepatic glucose production rate after paraxanthine (1,7-dimethylxanthine, metabolite of caffeine) treatment in monosodium -L-glutamate (MSG)-obese rats. Materials and Methods：Obesity was induced by neonatal (2, 4, 6, 8, 10 days) injection of MSG(4 g/kg, subcutaneously) for 15 weeks. MSG-obese rats showed severe fat deposition in subcutaneous and intraabdominal cavity, shortened body length, normoglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and high FFA level. Insulin sensitivity was assessed with hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp technique under anesthesia with pentothal sodium. Plasma insulin concentration was clamped at 100　μU/ml by continuous insulin infusion (1.5 mU/kg/min). At steady state, the glucose disappearance rate and glucose infusion rate were decreased and the hepatic glucose production rate was increased in the MSG-obese rats compared to the normal rats.
Results
：At 15 weeks of age, paraxanthine (15 mg/kg) was administered with ephedrine (60 mg/kg) via per oral for 15 consecutive days. Body fat mass of the paraxanthine treated rats was decreased about 29.6% in the MSG-obese and 6.3% in the normal rats compared with the control rats during 15 days. In the paraxanthine treated MSG-obese rats, the fasting insulin level was significantly (p<0.05) decreased and the glucose infusion rate was significantly (p<0.05) increased compared to that of the MSG-control rats, however the glucose disappearance rate showed increasing tendency and the hepatic glucose production rate showed decreasing tendency compared to that of the MSG-control rats.
Conclusion
：These results suggest that paraxanthine exerts an anti-obesity effect and improve insulin sensitivity in rats with MSG-induced obesity.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Sesamolin Alleviates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through Modulating Gut Microbiota and Metabolites in High-Fat and High-Fructose Diet-Fed Mice
Jing Yu, Hao Sun, Yang Yang, Yaping Yan
International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2022; 23(22): 13853. CrossRef

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